I'm not on the list so please don't forget to CC me.

First, what I'm doing, briefly. I have multithreaded proxy-server (it is
based on few years ago abandoned project). It wants to store information on
every page load/refresh to the database. And this works in almost all
cases... Almost. It is obvious that this is not acceptable because I have
broken database as a result; it should work in all cases of course to be
useful in the real world.
Now, the details. Here is my functions to connect to the database and
initialize a statement:

private static Connection conn = null;
private static Statement stat = null;

final private void connect_to_psql()
{
try
{
if(mgr.loglevel>3) System.err.println("Connecting to PostgreSQL...");
// Step 1: Load the JDBC driver.
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");
// Step 2: Establish the connection to the database.
String url = "jdbc:" + mgr.psql_url;
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, mgr.psql_user, mgr.psql_password);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.err.println("Got an exception when connecting to PostgreSQL database
erver! ");
System.err.println(e.getMessage() );
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(8);
}
}

final private void initialize_statement()
{
try
{
stat = conn.createStatement();
}
catch (SQLException e)
{
System.out.println("We got an exception while creating a PostgreSQL
statement: that probably means we're no longer connected. ");
System.err.println(e.getMessage() );
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(9);
}
}

....
if(conn == null)
connect_to_psql();
if(stat == null)
initialize_statement();
....

conn and stat assigments - that's all is really important here. I call these
functions only once for all threads. Everything works great in almost
all cases but sometimes (see below what "sometimes" exactly means here) I get
this crash when I call stat.executeUpdate(query):

Exception in thread "Thread-518" java.lang.NullPointerException
at
org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(Q ueryExecutorImpl.java:179)
at
org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execut e(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:437)
at
org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execut eWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:339)
at
org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execut eUpdate(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:285)
....

This crash is "hard": it crashes whole thread (but not the main program of
course) even if I have related catch block. So I never have a chance to
reconnect to the database from the thread to "fix" the problem. It doesn't
matter at all what query I use. I even can use exactly the same query every
time (constant string) and still have JDBC to crashes *sometimes*.
Now, what "sometimes" means? Sometimes I get above error every 1-3 calls of
executeUpdate(), sometimes once every 200-400 calls (this is most common
case). In other words this is non-uniform, at least at first impression. From
the JDBC user point of view it doesn't matter what query I use or how big is
uptime of my proxy or database connection. This is just happens and I cannot
prevent it.
If I change "private static Statement stat = null;" to "private Statement
stat = null;" and get in this way indepedant stat variable for each thread
nothing changes. I still get java.lang.NullPointerException sometimes and it
is almost the same as one above (please note that crash above is with a
little older JDBC release and crash below is with newest JDBC release, as you
can see nothing changes - just minor difference in line numbers):

Exception in thread "Thread-108" java.lang.NullPointerException
at
org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(Q ueryExecutorImpl.java:182)
at
org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execut e(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:452)
at
org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execut eWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:337)
at
org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execut eUpdate(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:283)
at cacheobject.load_object(cacheobject.java:680)
at cacheobject.make_request(cacheobject.java:176)
at mgr.process_request(mgr.java:1488)
at httpreq.run(httpreq.java:282)
at java.lang.Thread.run(libgcj.so.70)

Now, I see only two possibilities:

1) This is a bug in JDBC. Is JDBC thread-safe? Is it supposed to be
thread-safe by design? Obviously if not then initializing conn
every time will be inefficient and I need to write a separate server to
execute PSQL queries because I want to connect only once to the DB.
2) I'm doing multithreading with JDBC in a wrong way. Do I need anything
special? Can I use same conn in all threads?

Feel free to ask if you additional question. I think that above examples show
the whole problem because that's only JDBC code in my proxy currently.
Sorry if there is something obvious I have missed - this is a first time I
write multithreading code in Java.

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On Sun, 5 Aug 2007, L. Rahyen wrote:

> Exception in thread "Thread-108" java.lang.NullPointerException
> at
> org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(Q ueryExecutorImpl.java:182)
> at ...
> at java.lang.Thread.run(libgcj.so.70)
>

This area of code reads:

175 if (parameters == null)
176 parameters = SimpleQuery.NO_PARAMETERS;
177
178 boolean describeOnly = (QUERY_DESCRIBE_ONLY & flags) != 0;
179
180 // Check parameters are all set..
181 if (!describeOnly)
182 ((V3ParameterList)parameters).checkAllParametersSe t();

So it's complaining that parameters is null, but the code on line 175
should take care of that case. I note that you're using GCJ, does this
problem occur when using a Sun JVM?

> 1) This is a bug in JDBC. Is JDBC thread-safe? Is it supposed to be
> thread-safe by design? Obviously if not then initializing conn
> every time will be inefficient and I need to write a separate server to
> execute PSQL queries because I want to connect only once to the DB.

JDBC is thread safe. While PG's driver can only execute one query at a
time, it should block, not die like this.

Kris Jurka

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On Sunday August 5 2007 02:57, Kris Jurka wrote:
> On Sun, 5 Aug 2007, L. Rahyen wrote:
> > Exception in thread "Thread-108" java.lang.NullPointerException
> > at
> > org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(Q ueryExecutorImpl.java:1
> >82) at ...
> > at java.lang.Thread.run(libgcj.so.70)
>
> This area of code reads:
>
> 175 if (parameters == null)
> 176 parameters = SimpleQuery.NO_PARAMETERS;
> 177
> 178 boolean describeOnly = (QUERY_DESCRIBE_ONLY & flags) != 0;
> 179
> 180 // Check parameters are all set..
> 181 if (!describeOnly)
> 182 ((V3ParameterList)parameters).checkAllParametersSe t();
>
> So it's complaining that parameters is null, but the code on line 175
> should take care of that case. I note that you're using GCJ, does this
> problem occur when using a Sun JVM?

I have tried Sun JRE and after some time of testing I still don't see this
problem. So, bug was in GCJ. Sorry for the noise and thanks for your help!

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